In order to alleviate and attenuate the shock and vibration of the motorcycle due to the unevenness of the road during the driving process, ensure the smoothness and comfort of the driving, and help improve the service life of the motorcycle and the stability of the operation, the motorcycles are equipped with reducing vibrator. This article intends to discuss the structural types and working principles of common shock absorbers, as well as the technical requirements of shock absorber oil and how to deploy and replace them, for the reference of motorcycle users and fans.

There are many types of shock absorbers. Most motorcycles use barrel shock absorbers, and only a few use leaf spring structures. There are many types and varieties of cylindrical shock absorbers, generally there are the following types:

1. According to the installation position, there are front shock absorbers and rear shock absorbers;

2. According to the structure, there are (a) telescopic tubular front fork hydraulic shock absorber (this is the most used front shock absorber in motorcycles at present); (b) rocker shock absorber; (c) Rocker lever vertical center shock absorber; (d) Rocker lever tilt center shock absorber.

3. According to the working position of the oil cylinder, there are (a) inverted shock absorber (that is, the position of the oil cylinder is above and the piston rod is below); (b) upright shock absorber (the position of the oil cylinder is below, and the piston rod is above)

4. According to the working medium, there are (a) spring shock absorbers; (b) spring-air damping shock absorbers (due to the limited damping force of air, the shock absorption effect is not ideal, generally only used for speed High light motorcycles as rear shock absorbers); (c) hydraulic damping shock absorbers; (d) oil-gas combined front fork shock absorbers. (e) Nitrogen-filled hydraulic shock absorbers.

5. According to the direction of the damping force, there are (a) one-way action shock absorbers; (b) two-way action shock absorbers.

6. According to the load adjustment type, there are (a) spring initial pressure adjustment type; (b) gas spring type; (c) installation angle adjustment type.

In the competition among motorcycle manufacturers all over the world, the design of the front and rear suspensions of motorcycles has been heavily invested and very sophisticated, and more novel elastic elements with variable diameter and variable pitch are used, such as hydraulic damping. It adopts advanced structures such as air conditioner, oil and gas adjustment device, load adjustment device, rocker lever-type central shock absorber. The popularization of these new technologies can rapidly attenuate the impact and vibration caused by changes in vehicle speed, load and various road conditions, automatically adjust the vibration resistance to the best technical state, and greatly improve the shock absorption performance of motorcycles. The adaptability, comfort, balance and safety of motorcycle riding are improved to varying degrees.